Dr Gunther Von Hagens

The process of plastination takes up to a year for a full body. It has to be positioned before a vacuum is created around it which holds it inlace. For Dr Hagens the position of the body is key as it means that the workings of the muscles are on display.

Dr. Hagens believed that by opening the Bodyworlds museum he could help the general population to understand the anatomy of the human body. After years spent developing and perfecting the process of plastination (a method of preservation which unlike resin allows the muscle and tissues to be seen in their original form)  Dr Hagens opened his museum depicting fully plastinated bodies from people of a variety of ages, genders and athletic abilities performing tasks like playing football and riding horses with the aim to  show the ways our body works and how the muscles respond to movement and simulations.

The process of plastinations follows the idea that if you inject a body with plastic to coat the cells then it will be preserved in its original state - this follows the same idea as coating the outside in a thick layer of plastic but allows the detail of the organ to be seen for what it is and in closer detail. I find these works hugely interesting and enlightening and has really allowed me to see the shape and textures of the muscle and nerve tissues. I dislike the fact that the pieces are stationary because as biological organisms we are continually moving and changing whereas here they have only captured one point in time, therefore a lot of work is needed in order to understand a biological sequence such as an electric impulse. This makes a lot of Dr. Hagens work redundant for my own use. Even though this may be the case the works ( like the plastinated brain) have provided a solid understanding of if shape and use - this is something that is essential to my work and without wich I could not proceed. I hope to meet similar standards of work in my project - including things like biological accuracy and aesthetic and natural symmetry (not quite exact). Looking at these bodies has pushed me to work with real organs and to study them fully.

The organs such as the brain and heart are more accurately portrayed when preserved with the method of plastination. This is because it retains the detail of each tissue while also keeping its three dimensional shape. This has shown its importance as when resin is used for the same purpose the original organ can not be touched. Plasination allows the original organ to show in its full glory meaning that it can actually be touched and held a very important part of learning and understanding.

This program showing Dr Gunther Van Hagens doing several autopsies on live TV provides accurate medical information on the body while also being concise and clear. Having the visual element - being able the see the topic focus on a real life body provides a deeper understanding and has really let me experience and have access to information that would otherwise only be accessed by doctors.

Human Biology:

Natural History Museum

Today I visited the Natural History museum where I learnt a lot of biological fact behind electricity in the human body. I found that there was a great deal of extra, unnecessary information so I made extra notes alongside the pictures that I took of the exhibition displays. Here I am explaining the links that I have made between the facts that I have been presented within the exhibition and I have linked it to my ideas and views, which are parallel with my concept.

Above an image shows where the nerves are most on the body - the more nerves the larger the image. This shows that they are most predominantly placed in areas which we use incredibly regularly, mostly in our face and fingers. The image to the right, however, shows a real central nervous system made up of the brain and the spinal chord. all the nerves in our bodies end up here. This idea reminds of a 'collecting duct' where the many electrical impulses occur this is a huge element to how we survive as it controls all our actions, reactions, reflexes and even our balance. It is this idea that I want to create and visualise in my work looking at this organ and showing it as a column of electricity. I particularly like the shape and find that it is very similar of that of an electric circuit board the nerves peeling off like wires from the main frame. The very bottom is particularly pleasing as it continues to follow the pattern while slowly widening and phasing out - it is a shape that I want to work with and include in my project. The only frustrating thing when using this as a referance is the fact the 'myelin sheeth' - a protective fatty layer - still surrounds the nerves like a skin which means that they are partially blocked and can not be seen en their entiartiy, this is not something that I wish to include in my work.

 

While at the exhibition I wrote some notes and did some sketches in the form of a flow chart to help me understand the way in which the nervous system and the thought process works together. I wanted to understand further how a thought is a physical thing. In the process I began to realise that we are entirely run off electricity. I made the link that the process of a thought -> impulse -> action is a whole string of electrical circuits. By taking the information given to me in this exhibition and producing it in a concise note from made it clear and easy to see. It is a link that I feel particularly good about as it means that the vision for my project can open up and show not just the brain but other aspects of the body as well. Although this theory brings my idea in a very satisfying circle linking back to the beginning of the thought process, I dislike the fact that although true I feel like it is a very tenuous link to make and that I am stretching biological fact to fulfil my aim which is not what I was trying to achieve in this project. I am trying to meet accurate biological standards so to do this I must use true, not interpreted, information. This has caused the development of my idea by using this idea of multiple circuits but only with the heart muscle ( which uses electrical impulses to stimulate a heart beat) in comparison to stryated muscle which only receives electrical impulses as a signal. This means that I can use the information from this exhibition accurately while also adding my own thoughts to the process.

 

Francis Bacon

Bacon's work has had a huge impact on the way that I have depicted the organs which I am studying to further my understanding of my project. His grotesque depictions of the body have led me to see that the use of colour is key to creating the raw, flesh like feeling in which shows in his paintings.  The majority of the bodies in his work are depicted in a contorted, twisted, almost abstract way yet we can still identify them as bodies and carcases. I feel this is an incredible use of the technique is something that I can really learn from while attempting to recreate this in my still life drawings of the heart. I also, however, do not believe that all parts of the paintings fit together in a succinct way. I can see only a few paintings with flat areas of colour harmonic or even the same hue as those which are already blended. in my mind, these areas stick out unaesthetic as my mind wanders away from the original focus of the painting. This has shown me that continuity is really important and can help define an idea or a process. In my eyes, if this had occurred more frequently or the change of style had been more dramatic it could have added to the collection of paintings rather than distracted from the collection of paintings. Therefore I aim to keep a strong link between all my work and will try particularly hard not to fall from this chain factor. Any discrepancies should be noted and changed. This does not mean that change can not take place but it means that the work is tidy, systematic and pleasing to the eye following a pattern not darting across a wide spectrum of options.

 

http://francis-bacon.com/

In a lot of his works, Bacon uses twisted and disfigured bodies to show in internal mental torment. 

Alain Miller

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I think that this piece by Miller is truly inspiring. This painting is such an unusual image that is quite haunting and stays with you for a long time. I particularly like it as I feel it give the inanimate organ a human relation. The incredibly detailed and realistic eyes follow the viewer in an intense stare, giving the heart a human expression of communication, almost pleading. I am especially interested in this as I want to emphasise the importance of electrical impulses in the body and how they are almost entirely responsible for human life, I truly think that this painting has managed to capture this feeling entirely. I hope to also create this feeling with the use of realism in a similar way, to make an impact on the viewer. I do find it slightly frustrating as I feel like the eyes could be 'blended' into the heart more subtlely as when I first saw the image I felt that they had been stuck on in a form of collage. This is something thathI can take on board and try to achieve myself when testing this method.

 

 

 

       Sick Rose

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This old book describes the practices of victorian doctors who used to illustrate their findings in texts that they produced. This book contains medical illustrations, which are all ' scientifically accurate' based on operations performed or even from autopsies done on illegally dug up bodies, robbed from their graves. These surgeons/artists used their talents to pass on knowledge to their peers and improve their practices. Their findings will be of great use for me as I will be able to see accurate drawings of human anatomy. By studying the style and techniques I hope to recreate this in my own work.

 

 

 

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Most of these drawings were done with watercolour. Time has been spent looking at the colour and the detail as they are key aspects of medicine and could provide important information as to a patient's health. I particularly like the style of these drawings - they are very realistic but also seem simplified giving you only the detail that is necessary for that particular point.  The close-up images of detail remind me of samples lined up next to each other this gives a really nice quality and is something that I would like to try in my work with hearts. The images lined up could be done with my heart drawings and is something that I want to try.

 

 

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Kate uses pen to create her detailed drawings of orchids growing from organs. I referenced this as I can see links between her work and mine, for instance, I can interpret these images as the electric impulses from the heart giving life to the growing orchid. Although this might not be the case it creates a link that fits with my theories. My favourite thing about her work the precision and detail of her technique. I feel that this high level of standard really adds to the image and allows the two types of organism to combine in a totally natural way. Her works have inspired my theories and ideas, helping me develop and move forward in my work by combining old and new work to form an image made up from two parts.